RSA 2048 Private Key (PEM)
A 2048-bit RSA private key in unencrypted PKCS#8 PEM — a deliberately PUBLISHED, sample-only key for testing PEM key parsers and PKCS#8 decoders. Never use it for anything real.
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
Specifications
- Format
- PKCS#8 (PEM)
- Algorithm
- RSA
- Bits
- 2048
- Encrypted
- false
- Sample Only
- true
- Warning
- published sample key — never use in production
What is a .key file?
A .key file holds a private key, usually PEM-encoded in PKCS#8 (BEGIN PRIVATE KEY) or a key-type-specific format. It is the secret half of a TLS or SSH identity and must normally be protected — the examples here are published, sample-only keys that must never be used in production.
How to use this file
Use an example .key to test PEM key parsers, PKCS#8 decoders, and key-format converters (for example PEM to DER or OpenSSH). These are deliberately published sample keys — for parser testing only, never for real use.
Related files
- csrCertificate Signing Request (CSR)A PKCS#10 certificate signing request (PEM) with the subject and SAN, self-signed by the RSA key to prove key possession — for testing CSR parsers and certificate-authority intake flows.

- keyEd25519 Private Key (PEM)An Ed25519 private key in PKCS#8 PEM, derived from a fixed seed — a published, sample-only modern elliptic-curve key for testing PEM parsers and Ed25519 tooling. Never use it for real.

- htpasswdhtpasswd (HTTP Basic Auth)An Apache/nginx .htpasswd file with two users hashed using the {SHA} scheme (Base64 SHA-1) — the sample passwords are documented in the file, for testing Basic-Auth credential parsers and hash identification.

- pubSSH Public Key (Ed25519)An OpenSSH-format Ed25519 public key (the shareable half of the key pair) — a single line of algorithm, Base64 key blob, and comment, for testing SSH public-key parsers and authorized_keys tooling.

- crtX.509 Certificate (.crt)The same self-signed certificate under the conventional .crt extension (PEM-encoded) — for testing trust-store importers and tools that key off the .crt extension. Sample only.

- derX.509 Certificate (DER)The binary DER encoding of the same certificate — for testing ASN.1/DER parsers, Java keystores, and DER-to-PEM converters. Published sample certificate, not a real identity.

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